gloˈsa.ɾjo
Abya Yala
It is the oldest name so far known referring to an American territory. It would literally mean land in full maturity or land of vital blood. The American nations had an idea of their own land as inseparable from the human. An idea called vitalist, opposed to the European based on the abstract division of the earth as an object to measure.
Amuna
Ancient system of sowing and reaping water by the artificially reloading of the aquifers. Built with impermeable rock and permeable infiltration channels that allow the water to penetrate the underground during the rain season; this is actually known as the sowing of water, and allows the communities to gather water during the summer time through “puquiales” and waterholes. The ability to gather water when there is no rain.
Anniviers
This word means “roads of the year”, alluding to the particular way of moving of the Anniviards, that move annually from the mountains to the lake.
Autarchy
Economic system of a state, city, region, or group of people based upon the management of its own resources autosuficiently.
Apacheta
An apacheta (from Quechua and Aymara: apamita) is a mound of stones placed in a conical shape one on top of the other, as an offering made by the indigenous peoples of the Andes of South America to the Mother Earth and/or local deities, on the slopes difficult of the paths.
Autarchy
Economic system of a state, city, region, or group of people based upon the management of its own resources autosuficiently.
“the helenistic traditions of cynics, epicureans and stoics saw autarchy as a form of autonomy that proceeds from the lack of necessities and sheer indifference towards richness and material well being, and from life according to nature. For them, autarchy is part of the wise persons´ ideal, self sufficient and free, that lives according to the inner virtue and the dominance of the self, conditions both toward the consecution of happiness or eudaemon.”
Autonomy
The authority that muncipalites, provinces, regions, or other entities have within a state in order to self regulate according to self regulated norms or governance organs within a state.
Generally speaking: the condition of someone/something that for certain issues depends on no one.
Ayllu
Communal organization from the andean region and inherited from the inca social structure, and which has family relationships as its base.
The revalorization of this originary took place specially after the colony, and was a form of resistance against the abuses of a recently formed state towards the land ownership of the local people, and was the organizational basis of communities to confront the different bolivian governments of the XIX and XX centuries.
Bisse
Historical watering canals in Valais. A bisse is an open trench that brings precious water from water torrents to prairies and dry fields, vineyards and orchards. Many bisses are still used nowadays, and kept carefully.
Clusivity
Clusivity, or the distinction between inclusivity and exclusivity is a differentiation in the prenominal system according to which, the first person in plural that means “you + me + (probably other people), while the exclusive form is the first person in plural formed by the me+others, but not you”.
A third of all the world languages distinguish between inclusive and exclusive modes in the non singular forms of the first person.
Cosmopolitanism
A notion that expresses the lack of local bindings and the establishment of nexae with humanity in general.
Day Zero
In 2015, a drought began in the province of Occidental Cape of Southafrica. It ended with an intense shortage of water in the region, affecting principally Cape City. At the beginning of 2018, knowing that the levels of water would have a critical lowering by april, the city announced its plan for a Day Zero, which meant that when an inferior limit of the water supply was reached, the municipal provision would be mostly closed, turning Cape City into the first big city without water.
Guerra del agua
Triggered by the privatization of the municipal water supply of the city of Cochabamba, Bolivia, in favor of the Bechtel Corporation, between January and April in 2001.
In february of 2000, fomented by the World Bank, the Bechtel multinational signed a contract with Hugo Banzer, president of Bolivia, to privatize the service of water supply to Cochabamba. The contract was officially awarded to an enterprise called Aguas de Tunari. Soon after, complaints were raised about the rate increase of the water, which had went up by 50%, and finally 300%. All this actions ended up in the protests of what was going to be called the Guerra del Agua of 2000. Many people were forced to retire their kids from school or stop seeing a doctor due to the higher price of water. Martial law was declared, and the bolivian police killed 17 year old Víctor Hugo Daza, wounded 121 people, and 172 were jailed for participating in the protests. In the midst of a national collapse of the economy and the rise of disturbances, the Bolivian government invalidated the Bechtel contract.
Illgraben
The Illgraben is a torrential valley of the Illbach near the municipality of Leuk, carved deep into the soft Triassic dolomites of the Valais Alps. It begins not far from the summit of the Illhorn and empties into the Rhone Valley, which has had a strong influence here.